Stove



Aug 14, 1923. ,I o. R. AIKMAN STOVE Filed Aug; 30, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet l Aug. 14, 1923.I 154652@ O. R. AIKMAN STOVE Filed Aug. 30, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 mined points within its circulation through.

in elevation7 Patentes Aug. i4, i923.

stars DEVILLE R. MKMAN, 0F SALEM, ILLINOS.

Application Vfiled August 30, 1922. Serial No. 585,238.

To @ZZ wlw/m, t 'may concern,

Be it known that l, ORVILLE R.- AIKMAN, a citizen of the United States, and a residento Salem, in the county of Marion. and State of llinois, have invented certain newV and useiul Improvements in` Stoves, ot which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to-stoves, and is more articularl directed to a stove ada` t- 1 Y. ed for Cookino-Vor heatin@- or foi" a come Y b b bination of both of these functions,Y and in',

which kerosene or gas is employed as a fuel.

A n object of the invention is the provision of a stove in whichV a complete` conibus vtion ofthe fuel is had, thereby eliminating emol/:e and soot with a. consequent reduction in the cost of operation. f

A further object oi theinvention is the provision of a vfire box adapted to become incandescent under the action of a llame produced by kerosene Vor gas,.with means,

for returning the heated gas `at predeten the'stove to the hottest portion oit' the stove inorder to obtain the greatest efficiency.

`another object of theifinvention is the provision of pilot currentsitormed `from the heatedgases to aid in .promoting the circu-V,

Y lation of the Oases through thestove where by no pockets of dead gas are permitted to, torm in the circulatoryA system as the heated..`

:gases are advanced by stages through said system.

This invention will be best understood.v from a consideration of the 'following de-v tailed description inzviewo the accompanyw ing drawings forming part of this applica tion ;nevertheless, it is to lbe understood that the invention is not confined-to the disclo` sure, being susceptible ofV changes'or modications, but such changes or modiiications.

shall Vmark no material departure from the salient features ot the invention as eX- pressed in the appended claims.

`Figure l is a vertical section of the stove Figure 2 is a horizontal section taken along the line 2--2 of. Figure l looking in the direction indicated by the arrows,

Figure 3 is. aV view in perspective of an in vertedV conefor diverting a portion of the gaseswhen circulatedV through the stove,

Figure 4l is a view in perspective of a centrally disposed drum ior effecting the circulation of the gases through the stove,

opposite side walls of the lire bon 9. Vbars l21are supported by` the side walls of Figure 5 is a transverse horizontal section talren along the line 5 5 of Figure l.

Referring to the drawings, l indicatesaii ordinary stove 'door base mounted upon rollers 2. The floor base includes an inte-- grally .termed peripheral flange 3. Membersand form a base portion resting on 'base l. This base maybe of highly polished iron or the saine may be nichel-plated.

The member 5 is provided with doors 5 at diametrically oppositeA points, with slid- -ing Vventilators 7 on the doors 'for regulating .the amount of air admitted to the burners.

Vspaced above the burner 8 to an incandescent heat.4 The member 5 is provided' with a central opening l0 leading into the lirebon-9. ll-he fire boxV is adapted to be secured to the base member 5in the usual manner, thelower circular end of the lire .boil being seated within a flange vl1 termedV at the upper end of said base member.

Vhe generator in the lire box is formed of plurality of bars made otl such metal or Vmaterial that willv withstand an intense heat .wit-hout readily beine' destroyed.

i g tls shown inFigure l, this generator is formed by bars which may be square or round with the lirst layer of bars l2 placed above the burner 8, located inthe same horizontal plane, and spaced `from each other with the opposite ends ot the bars engaging the These the tire box. Above the spaced bars 12, but runningtransversely of the same are another series ot spaced bars 13 of similar construction with their opposite ends seated on Vand supported by opposite portions of the wall oit the lire box. Resting on the transjverse bars- 13 is another series ot spaced bars le `oi-siinilar Vconstruction to the bars 12 and 13 and supported iii a similar ma ner but located over the spaces between the lbars l2 and transversely of .the bar lf3.

Other series` of spaced bars located in the saine horizontal plane and positioned transversely of the next lower series of bars are 4continued upwardlyto a point which is adfifi jacent the fretraction plate 1.5. rThese series of horizontal bars `may be cast.jinne apiece, or connected together in any approved manner, or instead oit employing bars, perforated or slotted plates'in'ay be employed "located in superimposed relation. Y

The retraction plate l5 is located inid-V Way between the top :and bottoni ot fthe fire box 9 and supported by the sidewall the lower portion of ysaid lire tbox. VAThis Arefraction plate inaybe made of iany ina-1v the gases inthe lchannber 32 niay escape -to lterial adapted to. withstand an;intense heat, land is torniedpt 1a circular convened plate :with the centralxopeningf 16; 4and `with a 4"series of openings 17 adjacent fits :periphery -ivh'ere supported 'on the `inn-er :Walls ot :the tire-box. Y l i Located f"adjacentthe extreme .upper end for the {irebox and secured-theretois an linverted member 1S-'in A-the shape of gfvrus- 'l Ltuna-'ot a cone lh'aving fa central opening offthe retraction plate '15. annular fsp'aee 20 flo'cated between the outer 'i9 adjacent lits lower ireduced end, and vvhiclrisliopposite to 4:the:central opening `16 sidewalls -ot theco'ne '18 'andfthe'inner Walls fotft-he firebox l9 is lsea-led `trom kthe "space 4in theouter stove cas-ng 2livhich isV jloetited abovejltli'e tire bon '9 fandsecuredf thereto in 'any Vapproved mannen 'S-paced froin 'the large opening 22 of :the cone jfshaped lrn'ei'nber '18 is the lorver Vend "fo-t V"the 1drum 28 supported by` the ,le-gs' 24 upon the 4vflange projecting@laterally =iinvvardly :trom-the leasing 2i. Thejlotvenend ot the drum'23`is-vclosed by a heini-spherical 'mernber '26 Whichfistorrned integrallywithz. "the' drunil 2'3 land is provided 'with JVlacentral f openingY 27 Yfor Ipermitting certain amount jothot gases `-"\vhich lhave advancedto -this '-:point "through the 'interior of vthe drum,

: second inverted imember 28 4secured sin "fany Y fapprovednianner Lto Atheupper end 'ot `the fcasing 21V with its reduced lend projecting into the dr'u'rn 1 4:ineihbf-br-QES 'b'e1ng in the shape 4of a -rus- Avi'ie'ctedtothe sectionSO Vand tlie`easing21' is sealed by in'eansot rigid securing ine'ans .to prevent any* gas `which jhas reached the "1`"edu`ced}space between Jthe outer Wall ot lthe :inverted lineinber .28 `J and -the inner Walllot the casing 121 ltrorn'pass'ingthrough this space to the; compartment-32 ofthe-'sec- `tion f3() Lfotlthe stove. 4'Above the yelfi-amber 32, there is provided a second cha-niber33A which is formed by a sliding cover 34. They o'tfthe ftire box and kabove the generator,V in` The reduced The "hollow inverted .charnberst32 and 33 are separated from eachY Y:kitchen utensils tor cooking purposes.

Leading into one side of the chamber 32 and through the section 30v of the stove is an .egrliaust AVpipe- 0,11* flue 37. ,having a hori-V zontal portion 38k extending Within theY chamber32. rlhe upperjportlion ofthe pipe 38 is-.eut vaway l:as .shown 1t-39 inV order to provide a 'greater opening `throughwhich to or integrally :formed Withthe hre vbor 9, i

and @.is-adaptedto :torce the heatoutwardly,V Y

frorngthe exterior-:of vthe-fireborn The unV der portionfetl ot-the upper .section 30 ot Vthe. stove iis likewise; adapted for fthe saine spurpos'e.`

.-jln fthe operation-o the stove; 4fthe Aiburnerv is -lightednvith the sliding'draftV doors 7;

ipositioned 4toyadnnit .the proper amount of :air 4to. thevlou-rnercompartment .The flame Vot the burner-@laying 1 uponthe gen- 'Verator iin `the tire boX heatsthe bars 12,' 13 Y :passing aupvthrough vthese ;bars `which are =locatedA in staggered relation,` '1s deflected downwardly. fby the retraction QplateA l5 ltofland 14.; The,heatedfgasestrornpthe'burner Wardthegenerator. VTheheated,gases 'thenVV i Atravel upwardly through theV :peripheral Yopenings 17 with a-portion. VofV the same .Ypassingythroughfthe opening l@ Linto the opening :19 zot Ethe 4snvertednieinberf 18.

Vloo

'The lportionrfyof 'the heated gases passing i tei-n1 Ffa ypilot current, .since they promoteY eirculation by inducing aitlow of the heated Atoward and through the inverted [cone-V fllhe T-gases#issuing from the opening Vi6 (pass upwardly through ,the inverted'rnem- -b'erflvSmand strike the heniispherical ibase Y tlie'fopeniiigi 27;L-tlre heatedigases :whichlzhave reached :the .top lotspace" 31V: kWillbe y drawvn dotvnvardlylgand #around-'the inclined sides of the 'invertedlmeniber'28- and'throughthe opening 29 into the'chainber 32 of the upper -inieniberf'26 o'fjthe 'drum.. 2? '115i fportiomot fthefgas .passes 'through theeentral pertorationf'v27 -I and -actsfas fa pilota'eurrent torr the,

' pipe and out through the tube 375 ltor.

A' continuation ot the burner raises the generator formed oi the bars l2, 13 andl to an incandescence, with the heated gases being constantly deflected toward the hottest portions oi the stove and through,v

ivhich'the heated gases are circulated Where bythe greatestetciency will be had.

'It ig, to be understood that the generator, the retraction plate, inverted cone-shaped members, and theecentrally disposed drum may be readily placed Within any ordinary 1 heating stove orj 'furnace non' in use, ivith certain changes only in the dimensions in order to adapt the ditierentparts et my improvement to the Vvarious sizes of said heating plants. The lire boi; shell may be made or thinner material than that noiv may be used inconnection with the genera- Y rlhe generator in Combination with the dellectors provide rin an eiiicient manner, a

Vmeans for utilizing allthe heating unit-s of a fuel. The so called oil-gas burner -ivhich uses kerosene, gives the higher efficiency as v fthe blue llame leaps from the burner; While at a Very short distance beyond this point, heating qualities of the Vllame are greatly diminished. l i y Since the generator is raised to a state ot incandescence at, about the point Where the flame ot1V the oil burner begins to lose its heating value, theV gases oli' combustion are raised to a high temperature by the generr tor. VThe retraction plate located just above this generator is designed todel'lect said gases toward the hot generator after they have passed through the same in'order that 'th properV temperature ojl the gases may be .maintained and that combustion may be complete.` rIhe succeeding detlectors'are for a like purpose, that is, todirect gases that have giyen up some of their heat to those regions oir the stove.orturnace. whichV are hottest.

The members 18, 23 and QS `are intended to retard rapid upward circulation of the hea-ted gases toward the flue and in order that the said gases will attain their full power ot heating and givethe best results.

l claim:

l. A stove comprising a tire box, a burner, means in the lire box adapted to be raised to a state or incandescence, means for concentrating the heated. gases ot combustion tromk the burner upon the incandescent means and for causing a peripheral iiow of the gases from the lire box, said concentrating means including means Jfor causing acolumn of lrelatively small cross section.

Y ol' the heated gases from the incandescent `andymeans tor detiecting certain or" Abust-ion gases from the lire box.

Ydei'lecting a portion of the heated comli causing the peripherally flowing gases to be V`diverted towards the relatively small centra l column of gases and cooperating with said column ot gases 'for inducing a central lovf oi the peripherally flowing gases.

2. A stove comprising a lire box, a burner, means in the lire boi; adapted to be rsi ed to a state of incandescence uiider action ot le the burner, a retraction plate tor del'lecting the heatedgases trom the fire bof; toward the incandescent means, said retraction plate being provided With a central 3er eration tov provide a pilot current, and a` oit periphcral periorations tor producing periph eral currents of heated gases, and means lo cated above the retraction plate tor directing the peripheral currents ot' heated gases to the center of the tire box, with the pilot cnr Sii , rent cooperating to induce the 'flow oi' the peemployed and any shape or design ot fire box Y `candescent means for dividing the gases et combustion into distinct streams or streams towards vone or". the other sirena-f a casing mounted on the lios and adap to conduct the heater` streL ms oit the com- 4r. `A stove comprising a lire box, a burner, a generator in the lire box adapted to be raised to a state of incandescence under the action of the burner, a retraction plate 'jor tion gases issuing from the generator be to the generator, a central periforation oit l 5: retraction plate adapted to` torni a pilot current With peripheral pertorations adr ed to torni peripheral currents ot conmue-V tion gases, an inverted hollow cone-shapc member for coopcratfnfr with the pilot eurrent for diverting the peripheral streams ci combustion gases into an opening` in the lower end of the inverted member, a casing mounted on the fire box, a drum concentric Within the casing and provided with me: ns at its lower end for deilecting the heated gases passing through the inverted inemliier towardithe inner Wall of the casing, and means connected with the casing for conducting heated gases trom said casing.

A stove comprising a lire box, a burner, a generator in the lire box adapted to be raised to a state of incandescence under the action off the burner, means for dotiecting the` heated gases ot combustion directly into the generator including means tor dividing the gases of combustion into streams means tor causing the divided streams ot the gases to more to the center ol' the fire box, means L Y Y 1,465,2oe

above the lire boi; 'for detlecting the heated toxvsrd the lire box, a casing located lire box, means within' the casing for eater portion of the Vheated to be directed outwardly toward the Woll oi" the casing, sind ineens for con the hosted gases sway from the and relectii'ig; the heated gases troni the generator d said retraction plete t convex nieniber provided With j and s series of-peilpheral led grises striking recto are not onl5Y deflected, but 1o o central stream and a plo: y :istreons Y ,c store, comprisingq :a lire box, t burner, Y s generator in, the lire box adapted toY be v l nscence tuider rois-,ed to L state thosction of the eonfrfsing e. 1.

25 pl frlity ot' spaced l in a horizontal nlsi'ro with spaced mounted l. 14 i bers tote of sndescence under the action o the burner, ,40 :1c-refraction slate, s hollow inverted Cone shaped member,V e heinisphericd me iber` Y ond second inverted hollow cone shped ed to del-lect the heated Zisses 'of combustion 4:5 toward the next preceding` member.

9. A store comarising; a body or casing, s burner, generator m' the bod7 adopted Vto be loi-ought to a state of ln'eendescencc by ser with eeeli ot the members adept-V the burner, 2|.` detleetor adjacent V,the generator causing peripheral dos7 of gases, means for directing the peripherally disposed gases toward the center ot the casing, means for cdusino` the controlli. conducted Oases to be directed toward the inner Wall of the ing, said iioesns'zrdspted to cause e centrally disposed How of the gases upwardly through the casing, and means above thelast mentioned mezz/lister directingthe per} 2her'ally disposedgsses toward the centrally disposed flow ot gasses, and niesns above the last mentioned moons tor permitting expansion of the gases;

Y 10..;1 store comprising firev bot, e

burner, ineens in the fire bof-2 Vexcepted to Vbe raised to on' ncondesceot l te, under the action of the burner, moons for causing 'the products .of combustion to be directed rolm'srdly along; the periphery ot' the fire boX, ineens torcsuslng the ,products of combnstio''i to be returned tothefcenter o the tV box, pilot it the center of the ire boxV aiding in directino the returnedgeses o? combustion vrlpwirc lygthrought thejceilter the tire bo cans'tor causing theopwnrrdly directed gases of combustion to be flenected downwardly, and for cousssid deflected gases of combustion to ,be ectec riphery'of the fire box.

' ll. A stove comprising e, le box, a burner,

.means n the fire box adapted to be raised to s state of m'condescenfe under the action oV the burner, .means for concentrating the heated gztses'from the tire box upon the-incandescent meonsf `and for oausingfa pferiphersl flow of said gosegrmesns for deflecting the gases toward the center of the re box and for csnsingseid to more 11owrdly in expand-ed reletionffsrith the-de-V .tlectnig mesnssnd y@second delector above the rst detlectng means hsvingenopening Wsrly end scent the pe! to permit theescope e portion of the de- Y tlectedgsses upwardly and centrally ot the lire box. 

